Experiência da mundialização como experiência hermenêutica: Habermas, Gadamer e cosmopolitismo / The experience of cultural globalization as hermeneutic experience: Habermas, Gadamer and cosmopolitanism

Estevão Bosco

doi:10.20336/rbs.534

Autores

Estevão Bosco Universidade de São Paulo http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4634-7432

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.20336/rbs.534

Resumo

A questão central que este artigo aborda consiste em saber se as teorias da modernização e do cosmopolitismo formuladas por Habermas nos permitem lidar com os desafios que a mundialização (cultura) coloca para a teoria social crítica. Por meio de uma análise metateórica, argumento que as teorias da modernização e do cosmopolitismo de Habermas estão ancoradas em um conceito de sociedade caracterizado por um auto-referenciamento cultural latente, a rigor, nacional, que nos impede de apreender o papel que o entrelaçamento cultural das sociedades cumpre na reprodução do mundo da vida e nas formas de socialização. Com base em análises sociológicas e antropológicas do cosmopolitismo, formulo uma hipótese hermenêutica interessada sociologicamente, que sustenta que, se partirmos das pré-condições hermenêuticas de nossa experiência do mundo (Gadamer), podemos delinear uma perspectiva complementar a Habermas que abrange a mundialização. Este artigo visa contribuir com os fundamentos ontológicos da teoria social crítica cosmopolita mediante o desvelamento de pré-condições de um tipo intercultural de entendimento mútuo.

The primary question this article addresses is whether Habermas’ theory of modernization and cosmopolitanism successfully engages with the challenges to social theory posed by the experience of cultural globalization. Through a metatheoretical analysis, I argue that Habermas’s theory of modernization and cosmopolitanism is based on a concept of society characterized by a latent cultural self-referentialism, which prevents us from grasping the role that cultural entanglements among societies play in the reproduction of the lifeworld and in shaping socialization. Drawing on sociological and anthropological analyses of cosmopolitanism, I formulate a hermeneutical, sociologically-invested hypothesis which claims that Gadamer’s uncovering of the hermeneutical pre-conditions of our world experience can provide the foundations for a complementary perspective to Habermas’, helping cosmopolitan critical sociologists and social theorists better understand cultural globalization. This article aims to contribute to the identification of the ontological features of cosmopolitan critical social theory by disclosing pre-conditions of a concept of intercultural understanding.

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Biografia do Autor

Estevão Bosco, Universidade de São Paulo

Sociólogo, pesquisador de pós-doutorado, departamento de geografia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Letras e Ciências Humanas, Universidade de São Paulo

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